Saturday, 12 March 2016

Introduction
to
“River Water Resources of Pakistan”
&
Research,Idea and Establishment
of
“Pakistan Rivers Research Center”
Reach Vulnerable is a Swat based civil society organization. We have a very innovative idea of establishing “Pakistan Rivers Research Center” in Pakistan. The center will further developed as an institute in the future.There is a great demand, potentials and feasability of such center in Pakistan. The Pakistan Agriculture,irrigation and energy resources depends on rivers so its potential is valued. The Pakistan’s economy,society and Agriculture is heavily depended on the vast networks of rivers throughout the country.
There are hundereds of small and large rivers beside the largest 5 rivers in Pakistan. There is no such a research center in this regard till now and there is a vital need to support this issue. We have made a very detail,comprehensive,innovative and sustainable research,assessment and survey on Rivers issues in Pakistan and found out the there is a very wide potential of working in this sector. During the research and assessment with the people living near rivers and depending on rivers we found out the such a center will play a key role in leading the issues of rivers in Pakistan.


Pakistan Rivers Research Centre will be a non-profit Public Charitable and Scientific Trust with a view to create a space for studies on rivers in Pakistan, interactions with river basin people, river dependent departments, local self governments, government and other concerned entities towards participatory river conservation, restoration and management.
We view the river basin as the basic geographic, cultural, social and ecological unit for any development. Most of the present problems related to water scarcity, inequity in sharing natural resources, conflicts over resource use and exploitation of natural resources is due to the lack of holistic vision of a participatory river basin level resources conservation, development and management. Our mission is to try to understand the present scenario of river basin level resources development and management being followed, it’s inherent flaws and goodness, analyze the problems and possible consequences, evolve corrective measures through research based campaigns and advocacy, intervene at policy level and help people to take the right decisions on the long term sustenance of their river basins to avoid further degradation of rivers in Pakistan.
As everybody knows that the Pakistani farming community,people,economcy and society is heavily dependent on rivers directly or indirectly thus the issues facing rivers solution will have a very positive impacts. We will work with an international network of dam-affected people, grassroots organizations, environmentalists, human rights advocates and others who are committed to stopping destructive river projects and promoting better options.
We seek a world where healthy rivers and the rights of local communities are valued and protected. We envision a world where water and energy needs are met without degrading nature or increasing poverty, and where people have the right to participate in decisions that affect their lives.
Our volunteer members and staff has expertise in water resources research, big dams, energy and water policy, climate change, and international financial institutions. We will support partner organizations,government and non government departments,institutions and dam-affected people by providing advice, training and technical assistance, and advocating on their behalf with governments, banks, companies and international agencies. The focus of our work will be from Gilgit to Karachi in all over Pakistan’s both small and large rivers.
How Will We Work
“Pakistan Rivers Research Center” will work to protect rivers and their rights as well as the rights of communities dependent on it as a directly or indirectly livelihood source, and promote real solutions for meeting water, energy and flood management needs.
This is how we will do it:
Building the Movement and Empowering Civil Society
We will play a central role in building the National river protection movement in Pakistan and will continually work to broaden and strengthen its reach. We will foster grassroots organizations in Pakistan to promote the leadership of our local communities directly affected from the problems of rivers by providing technical and strategic advice, and bringing them together at national meetings. The promotion of Pakistan rivers issues will bring the central focus,interest and attractions of people because the rivers issues have great importance for them. The absence of rivers forum in Pakistan made no representation in the country and “Pakistan Rivers Research Center” will be able to fill this great vacume since independence of this country.
Promoting Potamology & Limnology in Pakistan as the “Study of Rivers and inland water”.
“Pakistan Rivers Research Center” will be very useful that it will introduce the study of rivers topomology first time in the history of Pakistan in the country. Potamology is the scientific study of rivers while limnology is the study of inland waters in general. The potamology in Pakistan with help of “Pakistan Rivers Research Center”  will continuously grow and evolve. We are confident this initiative will inspire individuals and institutions in Pakistan from the field of potamology, fostering collaboration and a greater understanding of this field.
 The study of rivers needs to be the most important issue to be promoted and developed in Pakistani universities, government departments and public/private institutions.
An introduction to the study of Rivers by “Pakistan Rivers Research Center” in the future in Universities,institutions and organizations
A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river.
In some cases a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water. Small rivers can be referred to using names such as stream, creek, brook, rivulet, and rill. There are no official definitions for the generic term river as applied to geographic features,although in some countries or communities a stream is defined by its size. Many names for small rivers are specific to geographic location; examples are "run" in some parts of the United States, or Europe "burn" in Scotland and northeast England, and "beck" in northern England. Sometimes a river is defined as being larger than a creek, but not always: the language is vague.
Rivers are part of the hydrological cycle. Water generally collects in a river from precipitation through a drainage basin from surface runoff and other sources such as groundwater recharge, springs, and the release of stored water in natural ice and snowpacks (e.g. from glaciers). Potamology is the scientific study of rivers while limnology is the study of inland waters in general.
Changing the Terms of the Debate
We will work to reform the top-down and opaque decision-making processes that will have traditionally accompanied large infrastructure projects. Rivers in Pakistan are the main source of hydropower industry’s which can exploit concerns over climate change.
Contol of river flooding and protecting its water sources
Rivers, especially big ones, can cause a lot of mayhem. When they flood, they destroy livelihoods, cause economic damage and kill people. It’s no surprise then that humans, being the clever creatures that we are, try and stop rivers from flooding using whatever resources we have. Unfortunately, rivers, like most things in nature, are powerful & unpredictable. Stopping rivers from flooding full stop isn’t possible but we can do a lot to mitigate and manage the risks that arise from flooding.
Flood management strategies generally involve multiple engineering projects that can fall under one of two categories. Hard engineering projects are ones that involve the construction of artificial structures that, through a combination of science, technology and a bit of brute force, prevent a river from flooding. Soft engineering projects are the opposite. These projects use natural resources and local people’s knowledge of the river to reduce the risk posed by a flood.
Each type of project has its advantages and disadvantages. Hard engineering projects are generally very successful and have a large impact on the river. This is one of their downfalls though as the effects of a hard engineering project can disrupt ecological systems in the drainage basin. Hard engineering techniques generally involve the containment of large volumes of water so if they were to fail for some reason, the impacts could be many times worse than if the river had been allowed to flood naturally. There’s also the high cost, technological requirements & maintenance of hard engineering projects that makes them unfeasible in countries without significant economic resources.
Soft engineering projects focus more on reducing the impacts of a flood rather than preventing one. The biggest advantage of soft engineering is cost. Soft engineering projects are significantly cheaper than hard engineering projects making them more suitable for less developed countries like Pakistan. They also have lower education & technology requirements so they can be implemented by local people in remote parts of poor countries like Pakistan.
Soft engineering projects are more sustainable than their hard engineering counterparts. Soft engineering projects are low maintenance and low cost unlike hard engineering projects. In addition, they don’t disturb the natural processes and ecological systems in a river basin instead choosing to integrate with them and in some cases improve them.
Hard Engineering Techniques
Dams
Dams are the classic hard engineering solution to flooding problems. A dam is a giant wall built across a river’s channel to impede its flow. Water builds up behind the dam and forms a reservoir which can then be steadily drained at a controlled rate over time. This helps keep discharge downstream of the dam low even during prolonged heavy rainfall.
Besides being highly effective at reducing the risk of flooding, dams can also be used to generate hydroelectric power that can bring economic benefits to an area by attracting manufacturing factories or being exported to other countries. The reservoir that develops behind a dam can be used as a drinking source or for leisure activities.
Despite these benefits, dams have some damn big problems as well. Dams are among the most expensive of all hard engineering techniques and require access to lots of raw materials like concrete and steel. They also have a huge impact on the local environment. The area behind a dam has to be flooded which destroys habitats and forces people out of their homes. Dams disrupt the processes that take place within a river too by, for example, preventing sediment from being transported downstream. This can result in landforms like deltas being destroyed which can in turn result in the destruction of more habitats. When sediment gets trapped behind a dam, it can change the chemical composition of the water behind the dam which can kill aquatic animals living upstream.
Dams pose a huge risk too. They store thousands of litres of water behind them so if they were to fail, they’d cause widespread death and damage downstream as all the water is released at once.
(Artificial) Levées
Artificial levées are, well, artificial versions of their natural counterparts. They act as embankments, essentially extending the channel’s height and increasing its bankfull discharge. Unlike natural levées, artificial levées are significantly larger and are generally constructed out of a material like concrete that is resistant to erosion. The main advantage of an artificial levée is that it allows the floodplain to be built on. This is their downfall though as they encourage the development of the floodplain which can increase the risk of flooding. Furthermore, if they did fail, like the embankments along the Indus basin, the damage from the flood would be far worse than if the embankments didn’t exist.

Wing Dykes
Wing dykes are slats that are placed in a river’s channel at ~90˚ to the banks. Generally they’ll be placed in pairs on either side of the channel with a gap between them that allows boats to pass through them. Behind dykes, sediment builds up and the channel is narrowed, forcing water to flow faster. This helps reduce the risk of flooding by getting water away from an area at risk of flooding as quickly as possible, preventing a build up of water. They also aid navigation greatly. While wing dykes reduce the risk of flooding in one area, downstream of a river they can increase the risk of flooding making them only useful in sparsely populated areas.
Channel Straightening
This technique kind of speaks for itself. By blocking off meanders and constructing alternate, straighter routes across meanders, the river starts to flow faster. Like with wing dykes, this moves water through the river faster preventing it from pooling and so reducing the risk of a flood. A straightened channel is faster to navigate too, a nice benefit of channel straightening.
Like with wing dykes, this technique has several problems. Downstream of a straightened section of a channel, flooding becomes more likely. In addition, erosion is stronger downstream because the river has a lot more kinetic energy.
Diversion Spillways
Diversion spillways are artificial channels that a river can flow into when its discharge rises. These channels move water around an area at risk of flooding and send it either back into the river (but further downstream) or into another river. Spillways generally have floodgates on them that can be used to control the volume of water in the spillway.
Spillways pose a threat to areas near the confluence between the spillway and whichever river it flows into as the discharge here will be increased and so too will the risk of flooding. In addition, the path that spillways take can take water around areas not usually used to flooding. If the spillway was to fail for some reason, this could cause widespread damage.
Soft Engineering Techniques to protect water resources and flooding in Rivers of Pakistan
Floodplain Zoning
Floodplain zoning involves placing restrictions on land usage in the areas surrounding a river. Essentially, construction is unlimited outside of the floodplain but the floodplain itself is limited to the construction of public outdoor facilities like playing fields and parks. This has several effects in reducing the risk and impact of flooding. Obviously if no one is allowed to build on a floodplain then the damage caused by the river flooding will be greatly reduced because there isn’t much to damage. In addition, floodplain zoning ensures that land on the floodplain isn’t urbanised so infiltration can occur and surface run off is reduced. This reduces the likelihood of a river flooding.
The problem with floodplain zoning is that it limits development to certain areas. In addition, if a floodplain has already been developed on, there isn’t anything that can be done to un-develop it without forcing people off of the floodplain.
Afforestation
Afforestation involves the planting of trees in a drainage basin to increase interception and storage while reducing surface run off. This reduces a river’s discharge and so makes it less likely to flood. Afforestation also prevents mass wasting which reduces the amount of soil entering the river and keeps the river’s capacity high. When combined with floodplain zoning, afforestation can be very effective at reducing the risk of flooding.
Afforestation has the benefit of creating new habitats for animals and improving water quality by filtering pollutants out of rainwater. The issue with afforestation is that it requires quite a lot of space to be effective and could prove unpopular among famers on the floodplain as they won’t be too happy with trees sapping nutrients from the soil. This issue can be combated somewhat by creating riparian buffers, thin vegetated strips of land that run adjacent to a river’s channel.
Wetland Restoration

Wetland restoration involves creating conditions that are favourable for the development of wetlands (marshes or swamps). Wetlands are able to store large volumes of water which helps to reduce the discharge in a river. Wetlands don’t reduce flooding where they are located but rather downstream of the river. They have the added benefit of creating new habitats for animals and greatly increasing biodiversity. They reduce the area of land available for farming though which makes them unpopular among farmers.
River Restoration
River restoration involves restoring a river that has undergone hard engineering back to its original course. This can involve un-straightening a channel, removing artificial levees, diversion spillways & wing dykes. This may seem silly as it is going to reintroduce flooding back in the area where these structures were located but, if this land is no longer valuable, river restoration can help reduce the risk of flooding downstream.
River restoration is a good thing if it’s done properly as allowing the river to take its natural course prevents and reverts any environmental and ecological damage introduced by hard engineering projects. River restoration also has as good as 0 maintenance costs making it very cheap.
The issues arise when river restoration takes place in areas that are still being used by people. I said previously that river restoration can be used where land is no longer valuable. Well, what defines valuable? Farmland? A small village? A town? This decision comes down to the local environmental agency. If they make the wrong call, the restoration project can cause a lot of damage.
Economic Impacts of Rivers in Pakistan
The overall cost of the dam is large but it has good sustainable development impacts. It is feasable then other sources by generating electricity. The hydro power is the most good renewable source of energy generated from rivers and dams in Pakistan.
Overall the dam will have a positive effect on Pakistan’s economy as the dam aids the navigability of the making it slower and deepening the channel. This can help increase the trade capacity of the river which acts as one of the largest transportation networks for trade within Pakistan. The dam will also reduce Pakistan’s dependency on coal meaning that it doesn’t have to spend as much on mining or importing coal.
The reduction in the risk of flooding will save money in the long run because there will be less economic damage in the future. The inundation of land behind the dam however is costly because many factories were located behind the dam and had to be relocated, often at a high cost. In addition, the lack of annual flooding means that much of the farmland that is located on the Pakistan’s floodplain will gradually become less fertile, reducing agricultural yield.
Social impacts of Rivers in Pakistan
The dam has succeeded in reducing the risk of flooding, taking the recurrence interval for large floods from 1 in 10 years to 1 in 100 years. Nonetheless, the Dams has had some huge negative social impacts. Over million people were required to leave their homes as they were going to be inundated by the dam’s reservoir. The people who refused to leave were forcibly removed from their homes. The reservoir ended up flooding cities and hundreds of villages. Those that were displaced were relocated to cities that had been specially constructed for the dam.

Many of those that were relocated lived on less than $1/day and were simple farmers who lacked any sort of skills. When they were moved to the new cities, they struggled to find work as there were relatively few agricultural jobs and they had no training for other sorts of jobs. This has exacerbated the poverty situation.
The land that was flooded was home to hundreds of cultural relics, archaeological sites and family burial grounds that date back to the Palaeolithic era. Some cultural sites, such as the historical sites, were moved but many were not and there is thought to be hundreds of undiscovered archeological sites that have been destroyed.
The dam brought about few positive social impacts. Primarily, for many of the people living in poverty who were displaced, the new homes they were given represented a substantial step up in terms of quality and living standards.
Environmental impacts of Rivers in Pakistan
The Three Dams has already caused some environmental problems and is expected to continue to do so for the rest of its existence.
The blocked sediment will alter the chemical composition of water upstream from the dam. This, in turn, will result in a reduction in biodiversity and the potential extinction of several species of animals. Given that the river is one of the main dumping grounds of industrial & household waste, this wildlife threat will only grow larger. The waste will, like sediment, collect behind the dam, poisoning the water behind it.
While the lack of annual flooding of the Pakistan is good, from an environmental perspective it is very bad as the farmers who relied on the fertile soil produced by floods will now have to use artificial fertiliser that will drain into the river and pollute the downstream section of the river.
Raising Awareness in Pakistan’s print & electronic media about Rivers issues
Through publications, presentations and media outreach, we will raise the visibility of the deplorable environmental, economic and negative affects of desertation,flooding,drought and the viability of better options. We will provide information on a wide range of water and energy issues and we put journalists in contact with people directly affected by degradation of rivers in Pakistan.
Promoting Solutions of Rivers related issues in Pakistan
We will generate awareness that efficiency and small-scale, decentralized and renewable solutions are essential for meeting water and energy needs, alleviating poverty and protecting the planet. We will promote the best water and energy options and the recommendations of the Rivers for energy agriculture, irrigation and water planning.
Our History & future Accomplishments of Rivers in Pakistan
We will prove to the people of Pakistan that the Rivers are an integral part of their collective struggle about improving their livelihood and environment.
Seeking to protect the National rivers from destructive degradation and amplify the voices of desertation, drought and flood-affected communities. Our vision for Pakistani rivers is simple and yet remarkably ambitious: to develop a national network of people working to protect rivers and promote just and sustainable water and energy development.


Get Involved
We will invite the citizens,government and non-government organizations,University departments and institutions to get involved in our activities as activists,volunteers, partners and contributors.
Be The Change
There are dozens of things we can do to protect rivers and watersheds, from reducing water consumption to writing letters to decision-makers to joining efforts.
Take Action!
All over the world, people are fighting to protect their rivers and communities proposing truly sustainable solutions to their water and energy needs. Your help is critical for their struggles to succeed.
Join Our NewsStream
When things are heating up in watersheds around the world, we’ll send Pakistani citizens an updates on how they can help. By joining our voices with other River People around the world, we have a better chance of making change and protecting rivers and the communities who depend on them.
Attend An Event
We and our partners will host all sorts of events, including community education, talks at universities, celebrations and protests. Find an event near you and join in, or host your own and let us know about it!
To Organize National Day Of Action For Rivers in Pakistan:
Every year, river lovers in Pakistan, environmental and human rights groups will hold events to celebrate healthy rivers and weigh in on unjust development projects.
Volunteer With International Rivers campaigns
Volunteers and interns are vital to helping accomplish National Rivers’s work. Past projects have included organizing a local protest, doing research for a report on dams in Central America, and helping out with mailings. We will convince the Pakistani citizens to have a few hours a day or a few hours a month to volunteer.We will convince them to find out how they can get involved.
Become A Supporting Member Of International Rivers

By joining International Rivers, we can add our voice to thousands of people around the world working to halt and reverse the destruction of the Earth’s rivers. International Rivers depends on the generous support of foundations and individuals and phelantropists.
The Movement for Rivers and Rights
Social movements, NGOs and academics Will come forward to protect rivers, defend community rights and advance truly sustainable solutions at the confluence of water and energy policy.  Our regional networks in Pakistan will have become one of the most effective and sustained civil society movements, representing the interests of the citizens.
It will purpose is to promote solidarity among member groups; amplify participants' voices in important country-wide discussions; and promote the recommendations for the sustainable solutions of rivers issues. There is the need for a grassroots river-issues in Pakistan and this organization will do it. They have since begun to tackle major regional river-development schemes that would have negative social and environmental effects and inequitable benefit-sharing.
The civil society organizations, academics, and community movements have to built determined local coalitions committed to defending the region’s rivers. As widespread environmental degradation threatens many rivers shared between countries, these groups also work together in regional coalitions and are joined by a wide network of global supporters.
Citizens in Pakistan participate in a long march from March 2nd to March 14th, 2010 to support the rehabilitation and restoration of the Indus River Delta. Citizens in Pakistan walked from March 2nd to 14th, 2010 to support the rehabilitation and restoration of the Indus River Delta.
Here are some ways you can get involved!
Campaign Actions
From street rallies to online petitions, our community is actively engaged in calling on decision makers to preserve our precious rivers, protect our human rights, and implement truly sustainable solutions to our water and energy needs.
Connect with the Community
Through the power of social networks and social media, people are able to organize and connect with each other as never before. Choose where you want to have conversations with us and our partners. Since long, thousands of people around the world lift their voices to celebrate the world's rivers and those who struggle to protect them every year. We will gather river stories to inspire, engage, and connect with one another. By sharing our stories and weaving them together, we can paint a powerful image of the importance of Pakistan’s rivers.
Events to be done by this resource center in Pakistan
We and our partners will host all sorts of events, including community education, talks at universities, celebrations and protests.
Support the Movement for Rivers and Rights
Each of us together makes the movement stronger than simply the sum of its parts. By becoming a sustaining member or making a donation, you help keep the this Pakistani movement for rivers and rights flourishing.
The History,Geography and Economics of Rivers in Pakistan
The Indus River is the lifeline of Pakistan. Without the Indus and its tributaries, the land would have turned into a barren desert long ago. The Indus originates in Tibet from the glacial streams of the Himalayas and enters Pakistan in the northeast. It runs generally southwestward the entire length of Pakistan, about 2,900 km (1,800 mi), and empties into the Arabian Sea. The Indus and its tributaries provide water to two-thirds of Pakistan. The principal tributaries of the Indus are the Sutlej, Beas, Chenab, Ravi, and Jhelum rivers. In southwestern Punjab Province these rivers merge to form the Panjnad (“Five Rivers”), which then merges with the Indus to form a mighty river. As the Indus approaches the Arabian Sea, it spreads out to form a delta. Much of the delta is marshy and swampy. It includes 225,000 hectares (556,000 acres) of mangrove forests and swamps. To the west of the delta is the seaport of Karāchi; to the east the delta fans into the salt marshes known as the Rann of Kutch.
This is a list of rivers wholly or partly in Pakistan, organised geographically by river basin, from west to east. Tributaries are listed from the mouth to the source.
The longest and the largest river in Pakistan is the Indus River. Around two-thirds of water supplied for irrigation and in homes come from the Indus and its associated rivers.
Flowing into the Arabian Sea (flowing only in rainy season during smaller part of year may or may not reach sea)
Dasht River (Urdu: دریائے دشت)
Kech River
Basol River
Hingol River (Urdu: دریائے ہنگول)
Nal River
Porali River
Hub River (Urdu: دریائے حب)
Orangi Nala
Malir River (Urdu:دریائے ملير )
Lyari River (Urdu:لیاری ندی)(no more river only drain now)
Gujjar Nala(no more river only drain now)
Indus River Basin[edit]
Indus River
Panjnad River (Urdu: پنجند)
Chenab River
Ravi River
Ojh Nadi River
Jehlum River or Jhelum River
Poonch River
Kunhar River
Neelum River or Kishanganga
Tawi River
Manawar Tavi River
Sutlej River
Gomal River
Kundar River
Zhob River
Kurrum River or Karam River (Urdu: دریائے کرم )
Tochi River, sometimes referred to as the Gambila River
Soan River (Urdu: دریائے سون)
Ling stream
Haro River
Kabul River
Swat River
River Jindi
Panjkora River
Bara River
Kunar River (Kunar Rud)
Lutkho River
Siran River
Tangir River
Astore River
Rupal River, rising from the melt water of the Rupal Glacier
Gilgit River
Hunza River
Naltar River
Hispar River
Shimshal River
Chapursan River
Misgar River
Khunjerab River
Ishkuman River
Yasin River
Satpara Stream
Shigar River (Urdu: دریائے شگر ), formed from the melting water of the Baltoro Glacier and Biafo Glacier.
Braldu River
Shyok River
Saltoro River
Hushe River
Nubra River, rising from the meltwater of the Siachen Glacier
Suru River
Dras River
Shingo River
It is dedicated to the study of great river systems and the communities that use them. The center aspires to be a leader in scholarly research, education, and outreach related to the interconnectedness of large rivers, their floodplains, watersheds, and their associated communities in Pakistan.
Our Mission
The center's scholars and scientists study the ecology of the big rivers, the workings of the watersheds that feed them, and the ties to the river communities that use them.
Our Goals and Functions
To conduct research that makes significant contributions to our understanding of big rivers and their watersheds in Pakistan we have to get a well detailed assessmen, research and survey on this issue. Actively solicit community and other stakeholder input will be needed to ensure that our research is truly relevant and responsive to societal needs. To promote the use of adaptive management and continuous improvement strategies that regularly apply lessons learned from the river/watershed sites to ongoing sustainable management practices, continuing research, and policy development in Pakistan.
To develop and implement education and outreach programs that foster a greater understanding and appreciation for the great rivers and extend and apply knowledge gained from the research to protect and sustain the quality of river environments in Pakistan.
Professional Development
The Center will also offers workshops, symposia and professional development courses for researchers, educators, practicing ecologists and others working in fields related to the environmental sciences.
The future Research Programs of “Pakistan Rivers Research Center”
The Pakistan’s Rivers research programs feature projects that study all aspects of large river ecology and management. Our experienced team of researchers will brings their expertise in monitoring natural resources of large rivers and their watersheds, providing essential information for the sustainable management of these ecosystems.
We will have a volunteer stream monitoring program that seeks to engage Pakistani citizens by training them as Citizen Scientists and volunteers. Each year at adopted stream sites in their communities, Citizen Scientists or volunteers will conduct habitat and biological surveys, including the collection and identification of small stream organisms called macroinvertabrates that serve as bioindicators of water quality. The program will strives to collect consistent, high-quality data on the conditions of local streams and provide Pakistani citizens with a hands-on opportunity to be better stewards of our watersheds.
It will be as part of the Critical Trends Assessment Project (CTAP), the project to be designed to conduct a long-term, comprehensive assessment of the environment of Pakistan’s both large and small rivers. We can even organize a unit in the name of “Riverwatch Pakistan”. We will envision a collaborative river-monitoring network of citizens, organizations, agencies, private interests and governments working together to ensure the health and beauty of Pakistani rivers streams and watersheds.
Our Vission
“Pakistan Rivers Research Center” will safeguards the future of Pakistani rivers and streams through education,media campaigns and sound science. We will utilize trained volunteers to collect quality assured data on Pakistan’s both small and large rivers and fosters coordination among groups involved in similar monitoring efforts.
The “Pakistan Rivers Research Center” will be a multidisciplinary research institute composed of geologists, ecologists, wildlife biologists, geographers, and social scientists.  The center will be positioned in an Islamabad  that is federal city, where some of the nation’s most pristine environments coincide with ongoing processes of resource extraction, agriculture, industrial activity and increasing human settlement.
The“Pakistan Rivers Research Center” research programs will aim to deepen understandings of the natural, physical and social processes that shape our region.
Working with our diverse team as well as the experts from the private and public sector who will make up our steering committee, we hope to further develop partnerships to expand the scope of our work and opportunities for undergraduate research in Pakistani universitities and academic institutions.
Developing aquaculture and bio diversity in Pakistani rivers
This unique project will be built around partnerships between citizen scientists,activists and students who can work together with professional biologists to gather data on reproductive success in all small and large rivers of Pakistan. 
“Pakistan Rivers Research Center” can increase the production of fish and aquaculture through an extensive research on Pakistani rivers.It can breed avian predators of fish and are considered potentially useful contaminant level indicators for aquatic ecosystems as a sentinel species.  As a potential sentinel species (that eat many of the same fish species as humans do) osprey may help us understand how industrial development may be impacting water quality. 
“Pakistan Rivers Research Center” will bring together professional researchers and citizen scientist.  It will make the total biodiversity via a species list.   Knowing the number and diversity of species in a given area helps us understand the ecosystems that sustain the clean water, air, and healthy soils that we all enjoy.  “Pakistan Rivers Research Center” will provide an opportunity to increase the knowledge of a specific area and generate public awareness and interest from scientists, researchers and volunteers.

Our Goals
1.       To Promote field-based and biodiversity research for undergraduates
2.       To Foster collaborative, diversified and multidisciplinary research
3.       To Improve and maintain “Pakistan Rivers Research Center” research facilities
4.       To Develop cooperative agreements and partnerships with external institutions, agencies and the community
5.       To Support service learning opportunities and outreach between students and the community
6.       To Maintain and expand monitoring programs that document ecosystem and geological change
7.       To increase,improve and develop sources of water of Rivers in form of irrigation,aquaculture,tourism, environment and renewable energy.
By:
Reach Vulnerable
On
Research on issues of Pakistani Rivers on platform of
“Pakistan Rivers Research Center

Thanks & best regards, 

Muslim Ullah Khan 
Chief Executive, 
Reach Vulnerable 
Opposite Kidney Hospital Manglor, 
District Swat,KP,Pakistan 
reach.vulnerable@yahoo.com; reply.rights@gmail.com
Cell: 0343-5725951,0305-9656161 Tel: 0946-632866